covid-19 | Atubis

The downward trend of carbon emissions from primary aluminum from 2012 to 2021

A high share of coal in energy consumption

Carbon emissions per tonne of primary aluminum production have been decreasing from 2012 to 2021. After Paris Agreement in 2015, carbon emissions decreased by about 6.4% compared to last year. One of the reasons of this deduction in aluminum sector is the use of modern technology.

The largest share of carbon emission in the primary aluminum production process is allocated to electricity. The share of electricity in this process was about 64.5% in 2021. And the reason for this large share is used of sources like coal which emits significantly greenhouse gases.

December 16, 2022 Aluminum

The spark of chemical fertilizer, flame in China

Investigating the production and price of chemicals fertilizer in China

Chemical fertilizer produced in three general categories: nitrate, phosphate, and potash. In 1860, Germany as the first chemical fertilizer producer on an industrial scale started the operating by building a unit where produced phosphate chemical fertilizer from urea phosphate and its production’s reached to 175 million tonnes.

China is known as the largest producer and one of the biggest chemical fertilizer consumers in the whole world that its production’s amount had been about 54 million tonnes and its average price range of urea is estimated about 2.5 thousand Yuan per tonne in this country.

November 27, 2022 Fertilizers

The downward trend of mineral production and the significant growth of gold consumption in China

The top producers and consumers of gold in the world

Investment security and high profit margins have always attracted governments and public to gold trade. The high profit margin of gold production makes countries that have gold reserves seek to continue and increase production. Central banks are considered to be the main gold consumers as a financial support and people use it with the purpose of investment and ornamental.

The production and consumption of gold has increased y/y in 2021, which caused by the drop of pandemic disruption. China will continue to be the largest gold producer and consumer in the world in 2021. Overall, the production volume of mineral gold has increased by 3% y/y in 2021, and the consumption volume has increased significantly by 47%.

September 7, 2022 Precious Metals

Keeping production levels despite environmental restrictions

China's lead production in q2 2022

The analysis of China’s lead ingot production statistics in q2 2022 indicates a relatively significant growth in production y/y. Although the review of cumulative production statistics until the end of H1 2022, shows not significant difference in the production volume during the H1 of 2022 and 2021.

With the Covid-19 outbreak in March 2022, the increase in demand has occurred due to the lack of supplying goods following the consequences of the pandemic, and this caused the inventory to decrease by 4% in March, reached 4.4kt. Therefore, the production growth in May 2022 compared to 2021 was aimed at compensating the inventory drop in and meeting demand.

September 2, 2022 Lead & Zinc

The prominent role of lithium in the electric vehicle industry

Global production and trade of lithium

Following the growth of lithium batteries that are consumed in the electric vehicle industry, the production and trade of lithium metal has undergone significant changes and the largest share of the production of this metal in the world belongs to Australia; while most lithium reserves are found in Bolivia.

The global volume of lithium reserves is reported to be around 22Mt in 2021, and the largest reserves of this element are located in the countries known as the lithium triangle. It is worth mentioning that, South Korea and China are the largest global importer and exporter of lithium, respectively. The application of this metal, which is light and has superconducting properties, is mostly in the field of rechargeable batteries. Due to the market growth of electric and consumer vehicles in which lithium is used in the batteries of these vehicles, the production volume and its demand is expected to increase over the coming years.

June 15, 2022 Lithium

Global lead production returns to pre-Covid-19 levels, with China’s production growth

Investigating lead mining and recycling production

Global lead production will increase by around 2% y/y in 2021, which is the result of production growth in China and India. Global production of mineral lead is estimated to increase by 2.9% to 4.71Mt in 2022, with the participation of China, India, and Kazakhstan.

China, Australia, and the US accounted for the highest volume of lead mineral production in 2021, with about 2Mt, 500kt, and 300kt, respectively. Global lead production is increasing with higher demand for lead-acid batteries from the automotive and electric bicycle sectors, especially from China and the US.

April 5, 2022 Lead & Zinc

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